Variabilitas Garis Pantai dan Kerentanan Pesisir di Kabupaten Kubu Raya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31571/sosial.v11i3.8415Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh dinamika garis pantai yang mengalami pergeseran melalui abrasi dan akresi yang menimbulkan potensi kerentanan terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis variabilitas garis pantai dan kerentanan pesisir di Kabupaten Kubu Raya, yang merupakan muara dari Sungai Kapuas dan berbatasan langsung dengan Laut Natuna. Wilayah ini mengalami dinamika bentang alam yang kompleks akibat interaksi antara faktor alamiah dan aktivitas antropogenik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mixed method) berbasis analisis spasial dengan data primer dari survei Ground Control Point (GCP) dan pencitraan drone, serta data sekunder dari citra satelit Landsat yang dianalisis menggunakan metode Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa abrasi merupakan fenomena dominan dibandingkan akresi, dengan total luas abrasi mencapai 3.827,35 km² dan akresi 3.558,26 km² selama periode 1979–2024. Laju abrasi tertinggi mencapai 31,10 meter per tahun, terutama di Kecamatan Teluk Pakedai, sementara akresi tertinggi tercatat 43,64 meter per tahun di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap. Faktor utama yang memengaruhi dinamika ini meliputi arah arus laut, tutupan vegetasi, dan posisi terhadap laut lepas. Garis pantai yang ditutupi mangrove, seperti jenis Avicennia alba dan Nypa fruticans memiliki kerentanan rendah terhadap abrasi, sedangkan pantai terbuka sangat rentan.
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